School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica，Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences，Jinan 250062，China；Reproductive Medicine Center，Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University，Hefei 230022，China；MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter，School of Physics，Xi'an Jiaotong University，Xi'an 710049，China
Small molecule drugs play a pivotal role in the arsenal of anticancer pharmacological agents.Nonetheless,their small size poses a challenge when directly visualizing their localization,distribution,mechanism of action,and target engagement at the subcellular level in real time.We propose a strategy for developing triple-functioning drug beacons that seamlessly integrate therapeutically relevant bioactivity,precise subcellular localization,and direct visualization capabilities within a single mol...更多
Small molecule drugs play a pivotal role in the arsenal of anticancer pharmacological agents.Nonetheless,their small size poses a challenge when directly visualizing their localization,distribution,mechanism of action,and target engagement at the subcellular level in real time.We propose a strategy for developing triple-functioning drug beacons that seamlessly integrate therapeutically relevant bioactivity,precise subcellular localization,and direct visualization capabilities within a single molecular entity.As a proof of concept,we have meticulously designed and constructed a boronic acid fluorescence drug beacon using coumarin-hemicyanine.Our CHB design includes three pivotal features:a boronic acid moiety that binds both adenosine triphosphateand adenosine diphosphate,thus depleting their levels and disrupting the energy supply within mitochondria;a positively charged compo-nent that targets the drug beacon to mitochondria;and a sizeable conjugated luminophore that emits fluo-rescence,facilitating the application of structured illumination microscopy.Our study indicates the exceptional responsiveness of our proof-of-concept drug beacon to ADP and ATP,its efficacy in inhibit-ing tumor growth,and its ability to facilitate the tracking of ADP and ATP distribution around the mito-chondrial cristae.Furthermore,our investigation reveals that the micro-dynamics of CHB induce mitochondrial dysfunction by causing damage to the mitochondrial cristae and mitochondrial DNA.Alto-gether,our findings highlight the potential of SIM in conjunction with visual drug design as a potent tool for monitoring the in situ MOA of small molecule anticancer compounds.This approach represents a crucial advancement in addressing a current challenge within the field of small molecule drug discovery and validation.收起
