Advances in perioperative and follow-up evaluation methods for hypospadias

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作者单位: ^aDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China

关键词: Chordee of penis Hypospadias Perioperative period Postoperative followup

摘要: Hypospadias is among the most common congenital anomalies of the pediatric genitourinary tract, and surgical repair remains the only definitive treatment. Optimal selection of surgical technique depends on multiple factors, including hypospadias subtype, the severity of ventral penile curvature , and the operating surgeon's experience. Precise, standardized assessment facilitates individualized operative planning and enables objective, reproducible evaluation of outcomes. This review summarizes ...更多; Hypospadias is among the most common congenital anomalies of the pediatric genitourinary tract, and surgical repair remains the only definitive treatment. Optimal selection of surgical technique depends on multiple factors, including hypospadias subtype, the severity of ventral penile curvature , and the operating surgeon's experience. Precise, standardized assessment facilitates individualized operative planning and enables objective, reproducible evaluation of outcomes. This review summarizes recent progress in assessment methods and tools for hypospadias, organized by the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods, to assist surgeons in comprehensive evaluation and to inform appropriate follow-up strategies for monitoring long-term efficacy.收起

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