Empty follicle syndrome: underlying etiology and precise treatment

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作者单位: ⁸Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No 2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong 250012, China ⁶Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250001, China ⁴Authors contributed equally ⁹Senior author ³Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China ⁷Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China ⁵Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Research and Birth Defect Prevention, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China ²National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China ¹⁰Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Women and Children Health Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, China ¹State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, China

摘要: With the use of assisted reproductive technology to treat infertility, there has been an increase in the condition known as empty follicle syndrome . EFS is characterized by the failure to retrieve oocytes from multiple mature follicles despite normal follicle development following ovarian stimulation. Despite its clinical significance, there is a lack of comprehensive and up-to-date reviews on this syndrome. In addition, the borderline form of EFS, that is characterized by low oocyte retrieval ...更多; With the use of assisted reproductive technology to treat infertility, there has been an increase in the condition known as empty follicle syndrome . EFS is characterized by the failure to retrieve oocytes from multiple mature follicles despite normal follicle development following ovarian stimulation. Despite its clinical significance, there is a lack of comprehensive and up-to-date reviews on this syndrome. In addition, the borderline form of EFS, that is characterized by low oocyte retrieval rates and is more common in clinical practice, has not been extensively discussed. This review aims to update perspectives on EFS, and covers its classification, etiology, treatment, prediction, prevention, and prognosis with the goal of leading to better clinical management and future research that improves outcomes for infertility patients.收起

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